Four Methods To Improve The Dyeing Quality of Overflow Dyeing Machines

1. The influence of fabric capacity of overflow dyeing machine

Overflow dyeing machines have a maximum nominal capacity, and this nominal capacity is not suitable for all fabrics. Therefore, during production, it is necessary to determine the actual capacity of the overflow dyeing machine according to different conditions such as the thickness and width of the fabric. For fabrics of the same width, the lighter and thinner they are, the smaller their capacity is. This is because if light and thin fabrics are fed according to the nominal capacity, the length of the fabric will inevitably be too long, and the cycle during dyeing will be long, which will easily cause the fabric to knot due to disorder in the dyeing room, causing fabric spots.

2. The influence of winch speed and nozzle pressure

The fabric in the dyeing room is pulled by a winch and then enters the nozzle. The nozzle is an annular outlet, and the dye liquid is sprayed from the gap of the nozzle. With the pressure of the nozzle, the dye liquid is sprayed on the rope-like fabric, changing the folded position of the fabric due to accumulation in the dyeing room. The speed of the fabric is determined by the winch speed. and nozzle pressure. In the temperature area where the fabric absorbs dye, increasing the number of cycles of the fabric, that is, increasing the running speed of the fabric, is beneficial to the leveling of the fabric. When the liquid volume is constant, by increasing the flow rate of the dye liquid (i.e. increasing the nozzle pressure), the number of cycles of the dye liquid can be increased, the temperature in the dyeing machine and the uniformity of the dye distribution can be increased, the number of contacts between the dye and the fabric can be increased, and the dyeing time can be shortened. shorten.

While increasing the fabric speed and dye liquor circulation number, attention should be paid to the interaction between the winch speed and the nozzle pressure, otherwise the product quality will be directly affected. For example, if the capstan speed is too slow and the nozzle pressure is too high, then the fabric speed is greater than the capstan speed, which will easily cause fabric scratches; if the capstan speed is too fast and exceeds the ability of the nozzle to pass through the fabric, the fabric will accumulate at the nozzle. Blocking the nozzle will stop the dyeing machine and cause fabric spots.

3. The influence of liquor ratio

The liquor ratio not only affects the color of the fabric, but also affects the normal operation of the fabric in the dyeing machine. If the liquor ratio is too small, it will be difficult for the fabric to move, the winch cannot smoothly take the fabric out of the dyeing room, and the fabric will run slowly. If the liquor ratio is too high, the fabric will float on the water, and it will easily become disordered and knotted, causing the fabric to become stained. Furthermore, if the liquor ratio is too large, it will inevitably increase the amount of dyes and additives, and at the same time increase the labor intensity of the batching operation. Therefore, the liquor ratio should be determined as low as possible without affecting the fabric operation and ensuring the dyeing quality.

4. Influence of dyeing process

(1) The main factors that affect the quality of overflow dyeing with inclusive dyes include dye use and adding method, dyeing temperature, type, dosage and adding method of salt and alkali agent, dyeing time, dye liquor ratio, etc. Among the above influencing factors, except for the adding method and liquor ratio of dyes, salts, and alkali agents, the other factors only affect the color depth of the fabric, that is, the factors that affect the color fixation rate of reactive dyes.

(2) For disperse dyes. When dyeing with disperse dyes, the heating rate can be larger at 90°C. Above 90°C, especially when it is close to 130°C, the heating rate should be controlled so that it approaches the dyeing temperature slowly to avoid uneven dyeing. The dyeing of disperse dyes is strongly affected by temperature, so increasing the number of cycles of the fabric and the dye solution in the temperature area where the dye is absorbed can make the dye and temperature distribution in the dyeing room even, which is conducive to leveling the fabric.

After dyeing is completed, start to slowly lower the temperature to avoid fabric wrinkles caused by sudden cooling. When the temperature drops to 100°C, rapid cooling can be used to lower the temperature to 80°C, and then overflow cleaning can be performed to further reduce the temperature in the dyeing room. If the water is discharged and water is introduced at a higher temperature, it will easily form fabric creases and affect the dyeing quality.

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