Classification And Properties Of Softeners(2)

The most common types of softener

Ⅳ.Anionic Softener

Anionic softener is the material like soap, sulfonated oil, etc., whose main components are sodium octadecyl succinate sulfate, octadecyl sulfate with long-chain alkane cationic compounds or anionic, non-ionic compounds. It generally has good wettability and thermal stability, which can be used in the same bath with fluorescent whitening agents, and can be used as a softener for extra white fabrics. It is also more suitable for cellulose fibres and can give the fabric better water absorption, but its adsorption to the fibres is similar to direct dyes and is weaker, so the softening effect is poor and it is easily washed away. In addition, as it has a softening effect in the bath, it can be used for silk refining to prevent scuffing (grey scuffing).

V. Non-ionic Softener

Non-ionic softener flakes

Non-ionic softener is generally decanoic acid (or alcohol) polyoxyethylene ester (or ether), pentaerythritol or sorbitol fatty ester ester. As a result of non-ionic softener than ionic softener on the poor adsorption of fibres, it can only play a smoothing role. But this kind of material can be used with ionic softener, and other compatible, good stability to electrolytes, and no fabric yellowing disadvantages, which can be used as a non-durable soft finishing agent, also be used as an important part of synthetic fiber spinning oil agent. Some of its products can be used as silk imitation finishing agent for "silk sound" of fabrics.

Ⅵ.Cationic Softener

hydrophilic paste

This type of softener, with more varieties, is currently the most common one.

Mainly because of most fibers in water with a negative charge, cationic softener is easier to absorb on the surface of the fiber. It combines with a strong ability to withstand high temperatures, washing resistance, and offering fabric with rich and smooth feeling, which will improve the abrasion resistance and tear strength of fabrics. Synthetic fibers also have a certain anti-static effect. Therefore it is widely used in cotton, nylon, acrylic and other fabrics, there is also this variety for silk. However, some cationic softeners are prone to yellowing at high temperatures, and are accompanied by a decrease in light fastness.

Cationic softener is generally octadecylamine or dimethyl octadecylamine derivatives or stearic acid and polyethylene polyamine condensate. According to its structure can be divided into tertiary amine softener, quaternary ammonium salt softener, imidazolinium quaternary ammonium salt softener, double alkyl dimethyl quaternary ammonium salt softener.

Ⅶ.Amphoteric Softener

Amphoteric softener is a class of softener to improve the property of cationic softener. Its affinity for synthetic fibres is stronger, without the yellowing and discolouration and other disadvantages. It can also be used in the retraining process of silk, making silk feel better. Amphoteric softener can also be used together with cationic softener to play a synergistic effect. This type of softener is generally alkylamine lactone type structure.

keywords：Properties Of Softeners，Anionic Softener，Non-ionic Softener，Cationic Softener，Amphoteric Softener

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