Basic Knowledge Series-Catalum dye

Catalum dye is a dye for polypropylene fibrous dyeing, which can also be used for dyeing of modified polyester (CDP). Today, share the basic knowledge of cationic dye.

1. Overview of cation dyes

1. History

Catalum dye is the earliest synthetic dye. In 1856, the aniline purple synthesized by W.H.Perkin in the United States and the subsequent crystalline purple and malachite green were all cationic dyes. These dyes were previously known as salt -based dyes. They can dye protein fiber and have tannin acid and spit lonely cellulose fiber. They have gorgeous colors, but they are not tolerated. Replace with acidic dyes.

After the industrialization of acrylicization in the 1950s, people found that on polypropylene fiber, cationic dyes not only had high direct and strong colors, but also the dyeing accuracy was much higher than the protein fiber and cellulose fiber, so it was re -re -reinstated. Aroused people's interest. In order to further adapt to the application of acrylic and other synthetic fibers, many new varieties have been synthesized, such as the Duojiachuan structure, nitrogen generation polygawa structure, and pillaramide structure, etc. A major dye of fibrous dyeing.

2. Features:

The cedic dye is generated in the solution with positive charges, and the acid root anion such as chloride, acetate root, phosphate, and methyl sulfuric acid root is dyed on the polyacrynal fiber. In actual dyeing, several cure dyes are commonly used to fight into a specific color. However, mixed and dyeing dyes in cation are often not easy to dye the same color light, resulting in flower spots and layers. Therefore, in the production of cedic dyes, in addition to expanding the variety and quantity, we must also pay attention to the supporting facilities of the dye varieties; in order to prevent dyeing flowers, pay attention to developing well -dyed varieties. In addition And the sunshine accuracy and so on.

2. Classification of cationic dyes

The group with a positive charge in the cationic dye molecule is connected to the co -murmur system in a certain way, and then forms salt with the anion group. According to the position of the band ionic group in the co -puppet system, cationic dyes can be divided into two categories: isolation and co -pyrum -type types.

1. Isolation cationic dye

The isolation cationic dye -dye -dyeing mother and the group with a positive charge are connected by the isolation base. The positive charge is a fixed domain, and the molecular end of the decentralized dye is introduced to the daily ammonium group. The following formula is represented:

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Because the positive charge is concentrated, it is easy to combine with the fiber. The percentage rate and upper dye rate of the upper dyeing are relatively high, but the uniform dyeing is not good. Generally, the color light is dark, the Moore has low inhalation, and the color light is not strong enough, but the heat resistance and sun resistance are excellent, and the fastness is very high. It is often used in dyeing and light color. Typical varieties are:

2. Corporal dye dye

The positive charged group of the common cationic dye dye is directly connected to the dye co -system system, and the positive charge is lying in the domain. The color of this type of dye is very gorgeous, with high light inhalation, but some varieties have poor light resistance and heat resistance. Among the types of use, the common type accounts for more than 90%. There are many varieties of common cationic dyes, mainly in triple methane, vicious azine, and pole of pole.

Third, new cationic dye

1. Migration cationic dye

The so -called migrant cation dye refers to a dye that is relatively simple, the molecular weight and molecular volume, and the good dye of diffusion and uniform dyeing performance has now become a major category in cation dyes. The advantages are as follows:

It has good migration and uniformity, has no selectivity to acrylic, can be applied to different brands of acrylic fibers, and can better solve the uniform problem of acrylic dyeing.

The amount of slow dyeing agent is small (from the original 2 to 3%to 0.1 to 0.5%), and the dye monochrome can even be not added to the dye, so use can reduce the cost of dyeing.

It can simplify the dyeing process and greatly shorten the dyeing time from (the original 45-90 minutes to 10-25 minutes).

2. Modified ion dye:

In order to adapt to the dyeing of the modified synthetic fiber, a number of cationic dyes were screened and synthesized. Some of the following structures that adapt to modified polyester fibers are mainly pyrine -type metamorphic dyes. Red is triazozole or azozole dye and isolation puppet nitrogen dye. Polyzide dye.

3. Disposable cationic dyes:

In order to adapt to the dyeing of the modified synthetic fiber, a number of cationic dyes were screened and synthesized. Some of the following structures that adapt to modified polyester fibers are mainly pyrine -type metamorphic dyes. Red is triazozole or azozole dye and isolation puppet nitrogen dye. Polyzide dye.

4. Active cationic dye:

Active cationic dyes are a new type of culvert dye. After the active base is introduced on the common or isolation dye molecules, this kind of dye is given special performance, especially in the blended fiber not only maintains a bright color, but also dye multiple fibers.

Fourth, the nature of cedic dyes

1. Solubility:

As mentioned earlier describing the padoxanel and anion groups in the cationic dye molecules affect the solubility of dyes. In addition, if there is an ionic compound in the chromosome, such as anionic surface active agent and anion dye, it will also form a precipitation with cation dyes. Mai//, polyester/混 and other mixed textile fabrics cannot be stained with ordinary yang ion dyes with acid, activity, decentralization and other dyes, otherwise it will cause precipitation. Generally adding precipitants to solve such problems.

2. sensitivity to pH value:

The pH range of stable dyes in general cations is 2.5 to 5.5. When the pH value is low, the amino group in the dye molecules is substantially transformed from electrons to an electronic group, causing the dye color to change; if the pH value is high, cationic dyes may form a monsoonine or the structure is destroyed, or the structure is destroyed. Dye precipitation, discoloration, or fading. For example, the dye of the villain is transformed into non -yang ion dyes in an alkaline medium, losing affinity for acrylic fibers and cannot be dyed.

3. Compatibility:

The affinity of cation dyes to acrylic fibers is relatively large, and the migration performance in the fiber is not good, and it is difficult to dye. Different dyes have different affinity for the same fiber, and the diffusion rate inside the fiber is different. When the dye with a large difference in dyeing rate is mixed, the phenomenon of color changes and uneven dyeing during the dyeing process; and the dyeing dye When the dye is mixed with a rate close, the concentration ratio in the dye bath is basically unchanged, so that the color of the product is consistent and the dyeing is relatively uniform. The performance of this dye dye is called the compatibility of dyes.

In order to use it for convenience, people use the value to represent the compatibility of the dye, which is usually represented by the K value. A set of dyes of dyes with yellow and blue -colored standards. Each set has five dyes with different upper dye rates. There are five compatible values (1, 2, 3, 4, 5). Small, poor migration and uniform dyes, the dye with a small upper dye rate is large, and the migration and uniformity of dyes are better. Dye dyes and standard dyes to be tested one by one, and then evaluate the dyeing effect to set the compatibility value of the dye.

The compatibility of the dye has a certain relationship with its molecular structure. The hydrophobic group is introduced in the dye molecules. The water solution is reduced, the affinity of dyes on the fiber increases, the upper dye rate increases, the compatibility value is reduced, and the migration and uniformity on the fiber decrease, which increases the color. Some groups in the dye molecules cause spatial disorders for geometric configuration, and also reduce the affinity of dyes to fiber and increase the compatible value.

4, sun resistance:

The exposure to dye is related to its molecular structure. The cationic dye dye molecules Zhongyang ion group is a relatively sensitive part. After being affected by the light energy, it is easy to activate from the position of the cations group, and then transmitted to the entire hair color system, which will be destroyed and faded. Dives, polychism, and villain are not good for sun tolerance. The cations in the isolated cationic dye molecules are separated between the joint system between the common ion system, and even if it is activated under the action of light energy, it is not easy to pass the energy to the co -shaped system of the hair color, so that it can be preserved. The exposure is better than the common type.

Fifth, expand reading: cationic fabric

The cation fabric is 100%full polyester fabric, which is made of two different whole polyester ingredients, but only a polyester fiber containing modified polyester fibers. Color, dyeing polyester, once dyeing yang ions, usually uses cationus wire, wemian direction uses ordinary polyester wires, and uses two different dyes when dyeing: polyester wire with ordinary decentralized dyes. You can use scattered yang ions), and the cloth effect will have a two -color effect.