Basic Knowledge of Dyeing, Finishing And Printing

This article will introduce the basic knowledge of dyeing, finishing and printing to help you be easier to buy and wholesale textile agents. Next, learn with the content.

About finishing and dyeing

Dyeing and finishing refers to the process of chemical treatment of textile materials (fibers, yarns and fabrics). It is also commonly known as printing and dyeing in modern times. Dyeing and finishing together with spinning, weaving or knitting production form the entire process of textile production.

Dyeing and finishing include pre-treatment, dyeing, printing and finishing. Printing is local dyeing. Its principle is the same as that of dyeing, and the same is true for dyes.

Pre-processing

Use chemical and physical mechanical effects to remove natural impurities contained in the fiber, as well as the slurry and oil stains applied during the textile processing process, so that the fiber can give full play to its excellent quality and make the fabric have a white appearance and soft texture. The hand feel and good permeability can meet the production requirements and provide qualified gray fabrics for the next steps such as dyeing and printing.

The pre-treatment process mainly includes gray fabric preparation, desizing, singeing, scouring, bleaching and mercerization.

Dyeing

Dyeing refers to the process in which dyes are transferred from the dye solution to the fiber and form a uniform, strong and bright color on the fiber. Various fibers have different chemical compositions and are suitable for different dyes. Common dyeing methods include high temperature method, carrier method and hot melt method.

There are two main dyeing methods, continuous dyeing and vat dyeing.

Factors affecting dyeing

Mainly include time, temperature, pH value, liquor ratio, concentration, workshop temperature and humidity, tension, additives and water.

Color fastness

Dyeing products have the ability to maintain their original color under the influence of various external factors during use or processing after dyeing. Generally, fastness is divided into 5 levels. The higher the level, the better the fastness.

Common color fastness testing standards include American Association of Textile Chemists and Printers (AATCC), American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and Japanese Industrial Standards (JIS)

Commonly used fastness tests include color fastness to washing, color fastness to rubbing, color fastness to water stains, color fastness to perspiration, and color fastness to sunlight.

Printing

The process of applying dye or paint to form a pattern on fabric is printing.

Common printing processes include digital printing, transfer printing, rotary screen printing and flat screen printing, paint printing, burnout, discharge printing, glue printing, batik, tie dye, and watermarking.