Views: 4 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2025-01-06 Origin: Site
Take several square double-sided grey cloths of 20mm×20mm for use, prepare 500ml of 1g/L penetrant solution and place it in a 500ml beaker, take a square piece of cloth, put it down 1cm away from the surface of the static solution, and press the stopwatch at the same time. When the cloth sinks to the bottom of the cup, the stopwatch also stops. The time recorded is the penetration time.
Requirement: The shorter the sedimentation time, the better the penetration performance.
32S double-sided grey cloth or grey yarn process: Grey cloth → penetration treatment → washing → dehydration → drying → measuring the height of the watermark rise
Penetrant: 1g/L
Bath ratio: 1:20
Cloth weight: 10-20g
Process: 98℃×60′
1. Cut the sample after penetration treatment with a length of 200mm in the longitudinal direction and a width of 30mm in the transverse direction. If it is a yarn count, it must be combed and set to a length of 200mm. Draw two lines at 15mm and 35mm from the end edge in the longitudinal direction and cut 3 strips.
2. Cut two small holes in the middle at 15mm in the longitudinal direction and pass a small glass rod weighing about 3 grams. 3. Hang the cloth strip vertically in the distilled water that has just been boiled and cooled, so that the 15mm line is at the horizontal plane. Time, record the temperature, and record the time when the water mark rises to a height of 20mm (at 35mm). After 30 minutes, remove the cloth strip and use a ruler to measure the height of the water mark (accurate to 0.5mm). Do 3 strips at the same time and take the average height value.
Requirement: The capillary height at 1 gram/liter should be greater than 140mm
3. Wetting and diffusion performance test Take the sample treated with penetrant at 98℃×60′ and place it flat on the mouth of a 500 ml beaker, tie the sample with rubber, and then drip distilled water on the sample. Use a stopwatch to record the time when the water is completely absorbed by the sample.
Requirement: Short water absorption time
4. Foam volume test is the same as soap oil, pH value test is the same as soap oil
Bath ratio: 1:20
Cloth weight: 10-20 grams
Process: 98℃×60′
Test: Same as soap oil Requirement: Short water absorption time
1. Main types and ingredients -
Anionic penetrants: such as penetrant T (sodium salt of dioctyl sulfosuccinate). It has anionic groups in its molecular structure and has good permeability and emulsification. It can ionize anions in water, which can reduce the surface tension of the liquid and make it easier for the liquid to enter the tiny pores of the solid.
- Non-ionic penetrants: such as fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether. It has no ionic groups and interacts with the treated substance through the ether bonds and hydroxyl groups in the molecule. The polyoxyethylene chain in the molecule can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules to increase the affinity with water. At the same time, its lipophilic group can contact the surface of the penetrated substance to help the liquid penetrate.
2. Working principle -
Reducing surface tension: The main function of the penetrant is to reduce the surface tension of the liquid. Taking fabric treatment as an example, during the dyeing or finishing process, the penetrant reduces the surface tension of the dye solution, so that the liquid can spread and penetrate better between the fabric fibers. Without the penetrant, the liquid may form water droplets on the surface of the fabric and it is difficult to enter the fiber. -
Change the surface properties of solids: penetrants can be adsorbed on the surface of solids, changing the wettability and charge properties of the solid surface. For example, in metal surface treatment, penetrants enhance the hydrophilicity of the metal surface, making it easier for subsequent treatment liquids (such as rust-proof liquids, electroplating liquids, etc.) to spread on the metal surface and penetrate into tiny gaps and pits.
3. Application areas-
Textile printing and dyeing industry: In the pre-treatment stage of fabrics, penetrants help chemical agents such as desizing, scouring and bleaching to better penetrate into the fabric, improving the treatment effect. In the dyeing process, it also helps the dye to penetrate evenly, making the dyeing more uniform and the color brighter.
- Leather industry: used in leather tanning, dyeing and finishing processes. In the early stage of tanning, penetrants can make the tanning agent penetrate into the leather faster, shorten the tanning time and improve the tanning quality. - Pesticide industry: Adding penetrants to pesticide preparations can make pesticides better penetrate into plant leaves or pests, improving the efficacy of pesticides. For example, penetrants are added to some insecticides to allow the agents to penetrate the waxy cuticle of pests and enhance the insecticidal effect.
Metal surface treatment: In the process of metal cleaning, rust prevention and electroplating, penetrants help cleaning liquids, rust prevention liquids and electroplating liquids to better contact and penetrate the metal surface, ensuring the uniformity and effectiveness of the treatment effect.
If you want to know more about dyeing solutions, please contact: info@tiankunchemical.com
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