At present, the production of home textile fabrics that meet the requirements of ecological and environmental protection has become an important direction of product development for the majority of home textile product manufacturers. The key to "green dyeing and finishing" is to have a new understanding of the safety of dyeing and chemical materials used and the environmental protection, energy saving and emission reduction during the dyeing and finishing of products. At present, the green processing technology has penetrated into the whole process of pre-processing, dyeing and printing and finishing of home textile fabrics.

Green processing technology in the dyeing process

1. Use of environmentally friendly dyes

Natural dyes mainly come from the leaves, flowers, fruits and rhizomes of plants, and some come from animals or minerals. Using natural dyes to develop some high value-added home textile fabrics is an important way to promote green home textile processing in the future.

Environmentally friendly reactive dyes can be used in the dyeing process of cellulose fiber home textile fabrics to replace non-environmentally friendly dyes such as reduced, direct, vulcanized and insoluble azo dyes. In addition, the dyeing process of short steaming with reactive dyes can be used. The cellulose fiber or polyester blended home textile fabric is impregnated with dye and then put into the baking oven, and the dyed product can be obtained by washing with water after rapid fixation under a certain temperature and humidity.

2. Environmentally friendly dyeing technology

Supercritical carbon dioxide dyeing: It has a good dissolving ability for disperse dyes, can improve the dye uptake rate of polyester-cotton home textile fabrics, has good penetration and level dyeing effects, and the dyeing process is short, achieving waterless dyeing and reducing environmental pollution .

Low-temperature dyeing technology: (1) Cold pad-batch dyeing with reactive dyes, simple processing technology and equipment, low cost, low energy consumption, good leveling and reproducibility, and high fixation rate. (2) Disperse dye auxiliaries solubilize dyeing, use phospholipids and other auxiliaries to dye hydrophilic wool, silk and other fiber materials. Therefore, disperse dyes can be used to replace the prohibited acid dyes for dyeing polyester, wool, silk and their blends. The home textile fabrics can not only shorten the dyeing process, lower the dyeing temperature, and speed up the dyeing rate, but also improve the leveling and penetration dyeing effects of such home textile fabrics.

Gas phase or sublimation dyeing: The dyes used need to have strong sublimation properties. For example, some non-ionic disperse dyes or easy-to-sublimable pigments can meet production requirements. Because water is not needed as a dyeing medium, no sewage is produced, which is beneficial to environmental protection.

Microwave far-infrared dyeing: Microwave heating has good penetrability and does not require heat transfer process. Home textile fabrics made of polyester, polyester cotton, polyester nitrile, etc. can generate heat after absorbing microwaves. Compared with the traditional dyeing process, microwave far-infrared dyeing can effectively shorten the dyeing time, fast dyeing rate, and greatly reduce energy consumption.